ICE: Intracardiac Echocardiography System
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Overview
Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is an ultrasound sonogram that visualizes the anatomical structure of the heart in real time, with a mm-scale catheter inserted through the intracardiac vessels, and guides surgical intervention for atrial septal defect (ASD) closure. To achieve high-quality medical imaging, an ICE system must meet stringent power consumption requirements with low-noise operation. Since an ASIC and ultrasound transducers are tightly bonded through flip-chip or direct integration, an ultrasound unit TRX channel must be pitchmatched to each transducer channel [1,2]. A piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasound Transducer (pMUT) is a suitable ultrasound transducer for implantable sensor applications, since it does not need high (~200V) bias that is a must in capacitive MUTs (cMUT) [3]. However, pMUT devices suffer from process variation, which leads to low image quality, and to date, no work addresses this issue for both TX/RX in real time. To meet all these requirements at once, we present a 6×6 TRX pitch-matched pMUT ASIC with a standard CMOS-compatible 13.2V HV pulser, on-chip per-pixel calibration scheme, and a Dynamic Bit-Shared (DBS) ADC for portable ICE applications.
![Figure 7](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/mediastore_new/IEEE/content/media/8656625/8662285/8662531/lee7-089_D11_01-small.gif)
![Figure 6](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/mediastore_new/IEEE/content/media/8656625/8662285/8662531/lee6-089_D11_01-small.gif)
![Figure 2](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/mediastore_new/IEEE/content/media/8656625/8662285/8662531/lee2-089_D11_01-small.gif)
Features
- Charge Recycling High Voltage TX
- Dynamic Bit Shared SAR ADC
- Attenuation-Adaptive AFE
Related Papers
- ISSCC 2019 [pdf]